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If you have taxable earned income and you are less than 70.5 years old, you can establish a traditional IRA. Earned income includes salary, wages, commissions, self-employment income, alimony, and combat pay. It does not include any pensions (including Social Security), interest, dividends, or annuities. In the year you reach the age of 70.5, you can no longer establish or contribute to a traditional IRA.
HOW MUCH CAN I CONTRIBUTE?
For 2013 you can contribute $5,500 per year or the amount of your taxable earned income, whichever is less, to a traditional IRA. This is true whether you are covered by a retirement plan or not!! If you have reached the age of 50 during the year, you may contribute an additional $1,000 catch-up contribution. This makes a total limit of $6,500.
Here's the exception. It's a good one: If one spouse doesn't work or earns less than $5,500, he/she may establish and contribute to an IRA based on the earnings of the other spouse. Between them, there is a limit of $11,000, which can be allocated in any way they wish between their two IRA accounts -- provided that neither one's account receives more than $5,500. For example, if the husband makes $100,000 and the wife makes zero of earned income, the wife may contribute up to $5,500 into her traditional IRA and the husband, likewise, may put up to $5,500 into his IRA. This also applies to the $1,000 catch up contribution.
One other fine point: If you have a Traditional IRA and also a Roth IRA, the $5,500/$6,500 limit includes both. In other words, you can only contribute $5,000/$6,000 TOTAL between the two.
DO I HAVE TO MAKE THE CONTRIBUTION BY DECEMBER 31??
The really great news is that you have until the April, 2012 tax filing deadline to open your Traditional IRA account and make your 2011 contribution.
HOW MUCH OF MY TRADITIONAL IRA CONTRIBUTION CAN I ACTUALLY DEDUCT?
Don’t be confused on this point: If you are not covered by a retirement plan at work at any time during the year, you can deduct every penny of your traditional IRA contribution. Period. .
IRA Deduction Phase Out: It's slightly more complicated if you were covered by a retirement plan at work. In that case, if your "Modified Adjusted Gross Income" (MAGI) is less than certain thresholds, you still get to deduct your entire Traditional IRA contribution. For 2013, this threshold is $59,000 for Single or Head of Household filers, and $95,000 (up from $90,000 in 2012) for Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Widower filers. Above those thresholds, the deductible portion phases out between $59,000 and $69,000 for Singles and Head of Household, and $95,000 and $115,000 (up from $110,000 in 2010) for Married-Joint and Qualifying Widower filers. If MAGI is greater than $69,000 ($115,000 for Married-Joint) then NONE of your Traditional IRA contribution can be deducted. But you can still make your $5,500/$6,500 contribution to the IRA account -- you just won't be able to deduct it. For married filers where you are covered by a company plan but your spouse is not, in 2013 the deduction for your spouse is phased out between $178,000 and $188,000 of MAGI.
One other important tax-law quirk: If your filing status is Married Filing Separately, you are screwed! Your IRA deduction phase out starts at $1 of Modified Adjusted Gross Income and that deduction drops to zero when your MAGI reaches $10,000!!
In situations when you can't deduct your Traditional IRA contribution, why would you want to make the contribution at all? There are two reasons. First, earnings accumulate and compound every year without being diminished by annual income taxes. You only pay the tax on earnings when you withdraw them in your old age -- and you will probably be in a lower tax bracket then. Second, if you have a nondeductible Traditional IRA contribution, you get what is called a "basis" in your IRA account. This just means that when you eventually withdraw from your IRA, the "basis" portion will not be taxable.
If you need assistance with your income tax filing this Tax Season, you might want to contact:
JC Leahy, MA Accounting
TaxHelpWhenYouNeedIt.com
Silver Spring, Maryland
E-mail: jcleahy@TaxHelpWhenYouNeedIt.com
Tel. (301)537-5365
